Confusion and misinformation surrounding physical dependence, tolerance, and addiction contribute to the already significant problem of the undertreatment of pain. Use of narcotics in the treatment of chronic pain rarely results in addiction. There are many options to treat chronic pain, ranging from medications, physical therapy, complementary therapies, psychological therapies, injections, and surgery. Narcotics are an effective option for treating pain for many individuals and can play a crucial role in pain control. When used appropriately, narcotic medications can significantly improve the quality of life for people living with chronic pain.

The articles listed below offer insight into the appropriate use of medications and risk of addiction when treating chronic pain. 

Addiction and Chronic Pain By Jennifer P. Schneider, MD, PhD
This article dispels some of the myths about opioid medications and chronic pain.

Addiction, Tolerance, and Dependence—An Interview with Dr. Jennifer Schneider
Dr. Schneider discusses the differences between addiction, tolerance and dependence in this interview.